Ancient Gears Deck Breakdown
Cards Usage Statistic
Main Deck

x1 in 65%

x1 in 65%



Ancient Gear Commander
ATK:
500
DEF:
2000
You can send 1 "Ancient Gear Golem" from your hand, Deck, or face-up Monster Zone to the GY; immediately after this effect resolves, Normal Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster. If you Normal or Special Summon "Ancient Gear Golem" (except during the Damage Step): You can Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear Golem" from your hand or GY, ignoring its Summoning conditions. You can banish this card from your GY; place 1 "Ancient Gear" Continuous Trap from your hand face-up on your field. You can only use each effect of "Ancient Gear Commander" once per turn.

x2 in 91%

x2 in 91%



Ancient Gear Dark Golem
ATK:
3000
DEF:
3000
This card's name becomes "Ancient Gear Golem" while on the field or in the GY. If this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can add up to 2 cards ("Ancient Gear" cards and/or "Geartown") from your Deck to your hand, except "Ancient Gear Dark Golem", then discard 1 card, also you cannot Set cards for the rest of this turn. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Dark Golem" once per turn. If this card attacks, your opponent cannot activate Spell/Trap Cards until the end of the Damage Step.

x3 in 70%

x3 in 70%



Ancient Gear Statue
ATK:
500
DEF:
800
If your opponent controls more monsters than you do, you can Special Summon this card (from your hand). You can only Special Summon "Ancient Gear Statue" once per turn this way. You can Tribute this card; Special Summon from your hand or Deck, 1 "Ancient Gear Golem" or 1 monster that mentions it, except "Ancient Gear Statue", ignoring its Summoning conditions. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Statue" once per turn.

x2 in 65%

x2 in 65%



Ancient Gear Tanker
ATK:
1300
DEF:
1300
If this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster from your hand, except "Ancient Gear Tanker", ignoring its Summoning conditions, or, if your opponent controls a monster, you can Special Summon from your GY instead. You can target 1 face-up card you control; destroy it, also for the rest of this turn, all monsters you control that are "Ancient Gear Golem", or mention it, gain 600 ATK. You can only use each effect of "Ancient Gear Tanker" once per turn.

x3 in 65%

x3 in 65%



Ancient Gear Wyvern
ATK:
1700
DEF:
1200
If this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can add 1 "Ancient Gear" card from your Deck to your hand, except "Ancient Gear Wyvern", also you cannot Set cards for the rest of this turn. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Wyvern" once per turn. If this card attacks, your opponent's monsters cannot activate their effects until the end of the Damage Step.

x3 in 74%

x3 in 74%



Ancient Gear Advance
When this card is activated: Add 1 "Ancient Gear" Spell/Trap from your Deck to your hand, except "Ancient Gear Advance". Once per turn: You can Tribute 1 monster; draw 1 card and apply this effect for the rest of this turn (even if this card leaves the field). ● You can Normal Summon "Ancient Gear Golem", or Level 5 or higher monsters that mention it, without Tributing. You cannot Set cards the turn you activate this card. You can only activate 1 "Ancient Gear Advance" per turn.

x1 in 61%

x1 in 61%



Ancient Gear Catapult
While you control no monsters: Target 1 face-up card you control; destroy it, and if you do, Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster from your Deck, ignoring its Summoning conditions. You can banish this card from your Graveyard, then target 1 face-up card you control; destroy it, and if you do, Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear Token" (Machine-Type/EARTH/Level 1/ATK 0/DEF 0). You can only use 1 "Ancient Gear Catapult" effect per turn, and only once that turn.

x3 in 65%

x3 in 65%



Ancient Gear Fortress
During the turn they were Normal or Special Summoned, your opponent cannot target "Ancient Gear" monsters you control with card effects, and they cannot be destroyed by your opponent's card effects. Your opponent cannot activate cards or effects in response to the activation of "Ancient Gear" cards and effects. If this card is destroyed in the Spell & Trap Zone: You can Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster from your hand or Graveyard, also you cannot Special Summon monsters for the rest of this turn, except "Ancient Gear" monsters.

x1 in 52%

x1 in 52%



Ancient Gear Fusion
Fusion Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" Fusion Monster from your Extra Deck, using monsters from your hand or field as Fusion Material. If you use "Ancient Gear Golem" or "Ancient Gear Golem - Ultimate Pound" you control as Fusion Material, you can also use monsters from your Deck as material.

x1 in 74%

x1 in 74%



Ancient Gear Duel
"Ancient Gear Golem", and monsters that mention it, in your Monster Zone are unaffected by your opponent's activated monster effects. If your opponent controls a monster: You can Fusion Summon 1 Fusion Monster that mentions "Ancient Gear Golem" from your Extra Deck, by banishing monsters from your field or GY as material, including "Ancient Gear Golem" you control, and if you do, it can make up to 3 attacks during each Battle Phase. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Duel" once per turn.
Extra Deck

x1 in 52%

x1 in 52%



Ancient Gear Howitzer
ATK:
1000
DEF:
1800
2 "Ancient Gear" monsters Unaffected by other cards' effects. During your Main Phase: You can inflict 1000 damage to your opponent. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Howitzer" once per turn. If this card is destroyed by battle and sent to the Graveyard: You can Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster from your Deck, ignoring its Summoning conditions.

x1 in 57%

x1 in 57%



Chaos Ancient Gear Giant
ATK:
4500
DEF:
3000
4 "Ancient Gear" monsters Must be Fusion Summoned and cannot be Special Summoned by other ways. Unaffected by Spell/Trap effects. Your opponent's monsters cannot activate their effects during the Battle Phase. This card can attack all monsters your opponent controls, once each. If this card attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict piercing battle damage to your opponent.

x1 in 78%

x1 in 78%



Ultimate Ancient Gear Golem
ATK:
4400
DEF:
3400
"Ancient Gear Golem" + 2 "Ancient Gear" monsters Must be Fusion Summoned. If this card attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict piercing battle damage. If this card attacks, your opponent cannot activate Spell/Trap Cards until the end of the Damage Step. If this card is destroyed: You can target 1 "Ancient Gear Golem" in your GY; Special Summon it, ignoring its Summoning conditions.

x2 in 61%

x2 in 61%


Ancient Gear Ballista
ATK:
1500
LINK-2
Link Arrow:
Right
Bottom-Left
2 EARTH Machine monsters If this card is Link Summoned: You can add 1 "Ancient Gear" monster or 1 "Geartown" from your Deck to your hand. You can target 1 Spell/Trap you control and 1 face-up monster your opponent controls; destroy that card you control, and if you do, change that opponent's monster's ATK/DEF to 0 until the end of the turn. You can only use each effect of "Ancient Gear Ballista" once per turn.

x1 in 57%

x1 in 57%



Number 41: Bagooska the Terribly Tired Tapir
ATK:
2100
DEF:
2000
2 Level 4 monsters Once per turn, during your Standby Phase, detach 1 material from this card. If you cannot, destroy it. This Attack Position card cannot be destroyed by your opponent's card effects. Your opponent cannot target this Attack Position card with card effects. While this card is in face-up Defense Position, change all face-up monsters on the field to Defense Position, also negate the activated effects of monsters that were in Defense Position when that effect was activated.
Main: 52 Extra: 17







Ancient Gear Box
ATK:
500
DEF:
2000
If this card is added from the Deck or Graveyard to your hand, except by drawing it: You can add 1 EARTH Machine-Type monster with 500 ATK and/or DEF from your Deck to your hand, except "Ancient Gear Box". You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Box" once per turn.







Ancient Gear Commander
ATK:
500
DEF:
2000
You can send 1 "Ancient Gear Golem" from your hand, Deck, or face-up Monster Zone to the GY; immediately after this effect resolves, Normal Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster. If you Normal or Special Summon "Ancient Gear Golem" (except during the Damage Step): You can Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear Golem" from your hand or GY, ignoring its Summoning conditions. You can banish this card from your GY; place 1 "Ancient Gear" Continuous Trap from your hand face-up on your field. You can only use each effect of "Ancient Gear Commander" once per turn.







Ancient Gear Dark Golem
ATK:
3000
DEF:
3000
This card's name becomes "Ancient Gear Golem" while on the field or in the GY. If this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can add up to 2 cards ("Ancient Gear" cards and/or "Geartown") from your Deck to your hand, except "Ancient Gear Dark Golem", then discard 1 card, also you cannot Set cards for the rest of this turn. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Dark Golem" once per turn. If this card attacks, your opponent cannot activate Spell/Trap Cards until the end of the Damage Step.







Ancient Gear Dragon
ATK:
500
DEF:
2500
Cannot be Special Summoned. If you control no monsters, or all monsters you control are EARTH Machine monsters, you can Normal Summon this card without Tributing. When your opponent activates a Spell/Trap Card or effect (Quick Effect): You can send to the GY, 1 Machine monster from your hand or face-up field, or 1 "Ancient Gear Golem" from your Deck; negate that effect. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Dragon" once per turn.







Ancient Gear Hunting Hound
ATK:
1000
DEF:
1000
If this card is Normal Summoned: Inflict 600 damage to your opponent. If this card attacks, your opponent cannot activate any Spell/Trap Cards until the end of the Damage Step. Once per turn: You can Fusion Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" Fusion Monster from your Extra Deck, using monsters from your hand or field as Fusion Materials.







Ancient Gear Reactor Dragon
ATK:
3000
DEF:
3000
If this card that was Tribute Summoned by Tributing an "Ancient Gear" monster attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict piercing battle damage to your opponent. If this card was Tribute Summoned by Tributing a "Gadget" monster, it can make a second attack during each Battle Phase. If this card attacks, your opponent's Spell/Trap Cards and monster effects cannot be activated until the end of the Damage Step. At the end of the Damage Step, if this card attacked: You can destroy 1 Spell/Trap Card on the field.







Ancient Gear Statue
ATK:
500
DEF:
800
If your opponent controls more monsters than you do, you can Special Summon this card (from your hand). You can only Special Summon "Ancient Gear Statue" once per turn this way. You can Tribute this card; Special Summon from your hand or Deck, 1 "Ancient Gear Golem" or 1 monster that mentions it, except "Ancient Gear Statue", ignoring its Summoning conditions. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Statue" once per turn.







Ancient Gear Tanker
ATK:
1300
DEF:
1300
If this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster from your hand, except "Ancient Gear Tanker", ignoring its Summoning conditions, or, if your opponent controls a monster, you can Special Summon from your GY instead. You can target 1 face-up card you control; destroy it, also for the rest of this turn, all monsters you control that are "Ancient Gear Golem", or mention it, gain 600 ATK. You can only use each effect of "Ancient Gear Tanker" once per turn.







Ancient Gear Wyvern
ATK:
1700
DEF:
1200
If this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can add 1 "Ancient Gear" card from your Deck to your hand, except "Ancient Gear Wyvern", also you cannot Set cards for the rest of this turn. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Wyvern" once per turn. If this card attacks, your opponent's monsters cannot activate their effects until the end of the Damage Step.







Gizmek Taniguku, the Immobile Intellect
ATK:
1450
DEF:
1450
If this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can take 1 Machine monster whose ATK equals its own DEF from your Deck and place it on top of your Deck. You can banish this card from your GY, then target 1 Machine monster in your GY whose ATK equals its own DEF; Special Summon it in Defense Position. You can only use each effect of "Gizmek Taniguku, the Immobile Intellect" once per turn.







Junk Giant
ATK:
2000
DEF:
2400
If your opponent controls a Level 5 or higher monster, you can Special Summon this card (from your hand). A Synchro Summon using this card as a Material cannot be negated. If a player Synchro Summons using this card as a Material, the other player cannot activate cards or effects when that monster is Synchro Summoned.







Lava Golem
ATK:
3000
DEF:
2500
Cannot be Normal Summoned/Set. Must first be Special Summoned (from your hand) to your opponent's field by Tributing 2 monsters they control. You cannot Normal Summon/Set the turn you Special Summon this card. Once per turn, during your Standby Phase: Take 1000 damage.







Springans Brothers
ATK:
300
DEF:
1800
If this card is sent from the hand or Deck to the GY: You can target 1 "Springans" monster in your GY, except "Springans Brothers"; Special Summon it in Defense Position. If this card is in your hand, field, or GY: You can target 1 "Springans" Xyz Monster you control; attach this card to it as material. You can only use each effect of "Springans Brothers" once per turn.







Springans Rockey
ATK:
1800
DEF:
800
If this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can target 1 "Great Sand Sea - Gold Golgonda" or 1 "Springans" monster in your GY, except "Springans Rockey"; add it to your hand. If this card is in your hand, field, or GY: You can target 1 "Springans" Xyz Monster you control; attach this card to it as material. You can only use each effect of "Springans Rockey" once per turn.







Ancient Gear Advance
When this card is activated: Add 1 "Ancient Gear" Spell/Trap from your Deck to your hand, except "Ancient Gear Advance". Once per turn: You can Tribute 1 monster; draw 1 card and apply this effect for the rest of this turn (even if this card leaves the field). ● You can Normal Summon "Ancient Gear Golem", or Level 5 or higher monsters that mention it, without Tributing. You cannot Set cards the turn you activate this card. You can only activate 1 "Ancient Gear Advance" per turn.







Ancient Gear Catapult
While you control no monsters: Target 1 face-up card you control; destroy it, and if you do, Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster from your Deck, ignoring its Summoning conditions. You can banish this card from your Graveyard, then target 1 face-up card you control; destroy it, and if you do, Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear Token" (Machine-Type/EARTH/Level 1/ATK 0/DEF 0). You can only use 1 "Ancient Gear Catapult" effect per turn, and only once that turn.







Ancient Gear Fortress
During the turn they were Normal or Special Summoned, your opponent cannot target "Ancient Gear" monsters you control with card effects, and they cannot be destroyed by your opponent's card effects. Your opponent cannot activate cards or effects in response to the activation of "Ancient Gear" cards and effects. If this card is destroyed in the Spell & Trap Zone: You can Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster from your hand or Graveyard, also you cannot Special Summon monsters for the rest of this turn, except "Ancient Gear" monsters.







Ancient Gear Fusion
Fusion Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" Fusion Monster from your Extra Deck, using monsters from your hand or field as Fusion Material. If you use "Ancient Gear Golem" or "Ancient Gear Golem - Ultimate Pound" you control as Fusion Material, you can also use monsters from your Deck as material.







Forbidden Droplet
Send any number of other cards from your hand and/or field to the GY; choose that many Effect Monsters your opponent controls, and until the end of this turn, their ATK is halved, also their effects are negated. In response to this card's activation, your opponent cannot activate cards, or the effects of cards, with the same original type (Monster/Spell/Trap) as the cards sent to the GY to activate this card. You can only activate 1 "Forbidden Droplet" per turn.







Tally-ho! Springans
When you activate this card, you can also detach up to 3 materials from monsters you control; add 1 "Springans" monster from your Deck to your hand, then, if you detached any material at activation, you can Special Summon that many "Springans" monsters from your hand or GY. During your Main Phase, if this card is in your GY: You can target 1 Xyz Monster on the field; detach 1 material from it, and if you do, add this card to your hand. You can only use 1 "Tally-ho! Springans" effect per turn, and only once that turn.







Triple Tactics Talent
If your opponent has activated a monster effect during your Main Phase this turn: Activate 1 of these effects; ● Draw 2 cards. ● Take control of 1 monster your opponent controls until the End Phase. ● Look at your opponent's hand, and choose 1 card from it to shuffle into the Deck. You can only activate 1 "Triple Tactics Talent" per turn.







Triple Tactics Thrust
If your opponent has activated a monster effect during this turn: Set 1 Normal Spell/Trap directly from your Deck, except "Triple Tactics Thrust", or if your opponent controls a monster, you can add it to your hand instead. That Set card cannot be activated this turn. You can only activate 1 "Triple Tactics Thrust" per turn.







Urgent Schedule
If your opponent controls more monsters than you do: Special Summon 1 Level 4 or lower and 1 Level 5 or higher EARTH Machine monsters from your Deck in Defense Position, but negate their effects. You cannot declare attacks the turn you activate this card, except with Machine monsters. If this Set card is sent from the field to the GY: You can add 1 Level 10 Machine monster from your Deck to your hand. You can only use each effect of "Urgent Schedule" once per turn.







Ancient Gear Duel
"Ancient Gear Golem", and monsters that mention it, in your Monster Zone are unaffected by your opponent's activated monster effects. If your opponent controls a monster: You can Fusion Summon 1 Fusion Monster that mentions "Ancient Gear Golem" from your Extra Deck, by banishing monsters from your field or GY as material, including "Ancient Gear Golem" you control, and if you do, it can make up to 3 attacks during each Battle Phase. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Duel" once per turn.







Ancient Gear Howitzer
ATK:
1000
DEF:
1800
2 "Ancient Gear" monsters Unaffected by other cards' effects. During your Main Phase: You can inflict 1000 damage to your opponent. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Howitzer" once per turn. If this card is destroyed by battle and sent to the Graveyard: You can Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster from your Deck, ignoring its Summoning conditions.







Ancient Gear Megaton Golem
ATK:
3300
DEF:
3300
3 "Ancient Gear" monsters If this card attacks, your opponent cannot activate Spell/Trap Cards until the end of the Damage Step. If this card was Fusion Summoned using 2 or more "Ancient Gear Golem" and/or "Ancient Gear Golem - Ultimate Pound" as material, it can attack up to that many times during each Battle Phase. If this face-up Fusion Summoned card in its owner's control leaves the field because of an opponent's card effect: You can Special Summon 1 "Ultimate Ancient Gear Golem" from your Extra Deck, ignoring its Summoning conditions.







Chaos Ancient Gear Giant
ATK:
4500
DEF:
3000
4 "Ancient Gear" monsters Must be Fusion Summoned and cannot be Special Summoned by other ways. Unaffected by Spell/Trap effects. Your opponent's monsters cannot activate their effects during the Battle Phase. This card can attack all monsters your opponent controls, once each. If this card attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict piercing battle damage to your opponent.







Ultimate Ancient Gear Golem
ATK:
4400
DEF:
3400
"Ancient Gear Golem" + 2 "Ancient Gear" monsters Must be Fusion Summoned. If this card attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict piercing battle damage. If this card attacks, your opponent cannot activate Spell/Trap Cards until the end of the Damage Step. If this card is destroyed: You can target 1 "Ancient Gear Golem" in your GY; Special Summon it, ignoring its Summoning conditions.






Ancient Gear Ballista
ATK:
1500
LINK-2
Link Arrow:
Right
Bottom-Left
2 EARTH Machine monsters If this card is Link Summoned: You can add 1 "Ancient Gear" monster or 1 "Geartown" from your Deck to your hand. You can target 1 Spell/Trap you control and 1 face-up monster your opponent controls; destroy that card you control, and if you do, change that opponent's monster's ATK/DEF to 0 until the end of the turn. You can only use each effect of "Ancient Gear Ballista" once per turn.






Qliphort Genius
ATK:
1800
LINK-2
Link Arrow:
Bottom-Left
Bottom-Right
2 Machine monsters This Link Summoned card is unaffected by Spell/Trap effects and the activated effects of other Link Monsters. Once per turn: You can target 1 face-up card on each player's field, except this card; both those cards have their effects negated until the end of this turn. When 2 monsters are Special Summoned at the same time to the zones this card points to: You can add 1 Level 5 or higher Machine monster from your Deck to your hand.







Black Rose Dragon
ATK:
2400
DEF:
1800
1 Tuner + 1+ non-Tuner monsters When this card is Synchro Summoned: You can destroy all cards on the field. Once per turn: You can banish 1 Plant monster from your GY, then target 1 Defense Position monster your opponent controls; change that target to face-up Attack Position, and if you do, its ATK becomes 0 until the end of this turn.







Black Rose Moonlight Dragon
ATK:
2400
DEF:
1800
1 Tuner + 1 or more non-Tuner monsters If this card is Special Summoned, or a Level 5 or higher monster(s) is Special Summoned to your opponent's side of the field: Target 1 Special Summoned monster your opponent controls; return that target to the hand. You can only use this effect of "Black Rose Moonlight Dragon" once per turn.







Ruddy Rose Dragon
ATK:
3200
DEF:
2400
1 Tuner + 1+ non-Tuner monsters If this card is Synchro Summoned: You can banish all cards from the GYs, then, if this card was Synchro Summoned using "Black Rose Dragon" or a Plant Synchro Monster as material, you can destroy all other cards on the field. When your opponent activates a card or effect that would destroy a card(s) (Quick Effect): You can Tribute this card; negate the activation, then you can Special Summon 1 "Black Rose Dragon" from your Extra Deck or GY.







Gigantic "Champion" Sargas
ATK:
2800
DEF:
1500
2+ Level 8 monsters Once per turn, you can also Xyz Summon "Gigantic "Champion" Sargas" by using 1 "Springans" Xyz Monster you control. (Transfer its materials to this card.) While this card has material: You can add 1 "Springans" or "Therion" card from your Deck to your hand. If material is detached from a monster(s) on the field (except during the Damage Step): You can target 1 card on the field; either destroy it or return it to the hand. You can only use each effect of "Gigantic "Champion" Sargas" once per turn.







Number 41: Bagooska the Terribly Tired Tapir
ATK:
2100
DEF:
2000
2 Level 4 monsters Once per turn, during your Standby Phase, detach 1 material from this card. If you cannot, destroy it. This Attack Position card cannot be destroyed by your opponent's card effects. Your opponent cannot target this Attack Position card with card effects. While this card is in face-up Defense Position, change all face-up monsters on the field to Defense Position, also negate the activated effects of monsters that were in Defense Position when that effect was activated.







Number 60: Dugares the Timeless
ATK:
1200
DEF:
1200
2 Level 4 monsters You can detach 2 materials from this card, then activate 1 of the following effects; ● Skip your next Draw Phase, also draw 2 cards, then discard 1 card. ● Skip your next Main Phase 1, also Special Summon 1 monster from your GY in Defense Position. ● Skip the Battle Phase of your next turn, also double the ATK of 1 monster you control until the end of this turn. You can only use this effect of "Number 60: Dugares the Timeless" once per turn.







Number F0: Utopic Draco Future
ATK:
3000
DEF:
2000
3 Xyz Monsters with the same Rank, except "Number" monsters (This card's original Rank is always treated as 1. This card is always treated as a "Utopic Future" card.) You can also Xyz Summon this card by using "Number F0: Utopic Future" you control as material. (Transfer its materials to this card.) Cannot be destroyed by battle or card effects. Once per turn, when your opponent activates a monster effect (Quick Effect): You can detach 1 material from this card; negate the activation, then, if that monster is on the field, gain control of it.







Number F0: Utopic Future
ATK:
0
DEF:
0
2 Xyz Monsters with the same Rank, except "Number" monsters (This card's original Rank is always treated as 1.) Cannot be destroyed by battle, and neither player takes any battle damage from attacks involving this card. At the end of the Damage Step, if this card battled an opponent's monster: You can take control of that opponent's monster until the end of the Battle Phase. If this face-up card on the field would be destroyed by a card effect, you can detach 1 material from this card instead.







Springans Merrymaker
ATK:
1100
DEF:
2000
2 Level 4 monsters If this card is Special Summoned from your Extra Deck: You can send 1 "Springans" monster from your Deck to the GY. During your opponent's Main or Battle Phase (Quick Effect): You can banish this card until the End Phase, then if you banished this card with 2 or more Xyz Materials, you can also send 1 Fusion Monster from your Extra Deck to the GY that lists "Fallen of Albaz" as material. You can only use each effect of "Springans Merrymaker" once per turn.